Table 5 |
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Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis of prognostic predictors (baseline and change) for improvement at 10th visit (persistent pain patients only) |
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Persistent N = 185 |
Univariate |
Multivariate |
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Predictor variable: |
Unadjusted OR (95% CI) |
p-value |
Adjusted OR (95% CI) |
p-value |
Model |
|
|
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Baseline: |
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|
Gender (male) |
1.17 (0.65 to 2.10) |
0.602 |
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|
*Age (higher) |
1.00 (0.98 to 1.01) |
0.615 |
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|
*Posterior area body pain (higher) |
0.98 (0.94 to 1.02) |
0.320 |
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|
*Anterior area body pain (higher) |
0.99 (0.93 to 1.05) |
0.732 |
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|
Marked area of posterior body pain (high) |
1.22 (0.68 to 2.19) |
0.510 |
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|
Inappropriate markings |
0.59 (0.29 to 1.23) |
0.158 |
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|
Back pain |
0.94 (0.49 to 1.78) |
0.846 |
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|
Leg pain |
1.14 (0.57 to 2.29) |
0.706 |
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|
Neck pain |
0.74 (0.41 to 1.34) |
0.319 |
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|
Headache |
0.97 (0.41 to 2.32) |
0.950 |
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|
Shoulder and/or arm pain |
1.28 (0.67 to 2.40) |
0.435 |
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|
Widespread pain |
0.77 (0.27 to 2.22) |
0.628 |
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|
Trauma |
1.44 (0.69 to 2.96) |
0.330 |
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|
Similar complaint in past |
0.56 (0.28 to 1.09) |
0.085 |
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|
Taking medication |
0.59 (0.31 to 1.13) |
0.113 |
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|
Expect to recover |
1.59 (0.87 to 2.88) |
0.130 |
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|
Paid employment |
2.06 (1.07 to 3.98) |
0.031 |
2.26 (1.03 to 4.99) |
0.043 |
|
|
Satisfied with work status |
0.80 (0.33 to 1.92) |
0.613 |
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|
Smoke |
1.85 (1.01 to 3.36) |
0.045 |
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|
Alcohol |
0.67 (0.37 to 1.24) |
0.207 |
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|
Physically active |
1.32 (0.66 to 2.63) |
0.429 |
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|
In good health |
1.77 (0.86 to 3.63) |
0.121 |
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|
*BQ Pain |
1.07 (0.93 to 1.24) |
0.338 |
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|
*BQ Disability |
1.19 (1.05 to 1.34) |
0.006 |
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|
*BQ Social disability |
1.10 (0.99 to 1.22) |
0.086 |
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|
*BQ Anxiety |
1.02 (0.93 to 1.13) |
0.668 |
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|
*BQ Depression |
0.99 (0.89 to 1.09) |
0.784 |
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|
*BQ WFAB |
1.14 (1.02 to 1.27) |
0.017 |
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|
*BQ LOC |
1.00 (0.89 to 1.12) |
0.973 |
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|
*BQ Total |
1.02 (0.99 to 1.04) |
0.156 |
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|
At 4/5th visit: |
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|
*Change BQ Pain |
1.33 (1.13 to 1.56) |
0.001 |
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|
*Change BQ Disability |
1.37 (1.19 to 1.58) |
0.001 |
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|
*Change BQ Social disability |
1.19 (1.05 to 1.35) |
0.005 |
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|
*Change BQ Anxiety |
1.16 (1.05 to 1.29) |
0.004 |
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|
*Change BQ Depression |
1.16 (1.04 to 1.29) |
0.008 |
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|
*Change BQ WFAB |
1.30 (1.16 to 1.47) |
0.001 |
1.26 (1.11 to 1.44) |
0.001 |
|
|
*Change BQ LOC |
1.27 (1.11 to 1.44) |
0.001 |
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|
*Change BQ Total |
1.07 (1.04 to 1.10) |
0.001 |
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|
Improved 4/5th visit |
6.24 (3.15 to 12.36) |
0.001 |
5.42 (2.59 to 11.35) |
0.001 |
Sensitivity; Specificity; Percentage correctly predicted; Area under ROC (95% CI); Adjusted R2 79.0%; 68.0%; 74.4%; 0.80 (0.73 to 0.86); 34.3% |
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|
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*Continuous variables |
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|
Bolton and Hurst Chiropractic & Manual Therapies 2011 19:27 doi:10.1186/2045-709X-19-27 |
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